Tender Is the Night Study Guide

F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940) was an American novelist and short story writer, widely regarded as one of the greatest American writers of the 20th century. Born in St. Paul, Minnesota, Fitzgerald is best known for his novels depicting the flamboyance and excess of the Jazz Age—a term he coined himself. His most famous work, "The Great Gatsby" (1925), is a critical exploration of the American Dream in the Roaring Twenties.

Fitzgerald attended Princeton University but dropped out to join the army during World War I. After the war, he married Zelda Sayre, and the couple became icons of the Roaring Twenties, living a life of extravagance that both inspired and undermined Fitzgerald's writing.

Tender Is the Night, published in 1934, is Fitzgerald's fourth novel and is considered one of his most autobiographical works. The novel explores themes of wealth, decadence, and the psychological complexities of its characters, reflecting both the author's personal struggles and the broader disillusionment of the post-World War I generation.

Historical and Literary Context:

Interwar Period: Written during the interwar period, "Tender Is the Night" captures the sense of disillusionment that characterized the Lost Generation, a term used to describe the cohort of writers who came of age during World War I and were disillusioned by the devastation and moral disintegration that followed.
Jazz Age: The novel is set in the late 1920s and early 1930s, depicting the glamorous yet hollow lives of American expatriates on the French Riviera. This setting mirrors Fitzgerald's own experiences in Europe during the same era.
Psychological Depth: The novel is noted for its deep psychological insights, partly influenced by Zelda Fitzgerald's mental health struggles and the author's own battles with alcoholism. The characters' psychological complexities are a departure from the more straightforward narratives of Fitzgerald's earlier works.
Modernism: As part of the Modernist literary movement, "Tender Is the Night" employs non-linear timelines, fragmented narrative structures, and deep character exploration, aligning it with the works of contemporaries like Ernest Hemingway and Virginia Woolf.

Though "Tender Is the Night" was not as commercially successful as "The Great Gatsby" during Fitzgerald's lifetime, it has since been recognized as a poignant and masterfully crafted exploration of human frailty and the elusive nature of happiness.

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