The Wife of Martin Guerre Study Guide
Biography of Janet Lewis:
Janet Lewis (1899-1998) was an American poet, novelist, and librettist. Born in Chicago, Illinois, she grew up in a literary family and went on to study at the University of Chicago. Lewis was a member of the influential Chicago literary circle and married the poet and critic Yvor Winters in 1926. The couple settled in California, where Lewis continued to write and teach. Over her long career, she published several volumes of poetry, novels, and libretti, often exploring themes of history, justice, and human relationships. Her work is characterized by meticulous research, lyrical prose, and an economical style.
Historical and Literary Context for "The Wife of Martin Guerre":
"The Wife of Martin Guerre," published in 1941, is one of Lewis's most renowned works. The novel is set in 16th-century France and is based on a real case of identity theft and marital discord. The story revolves around Bertrande de Rols, who is left in a precarious position when her husband, Martin Guerre, abandons her. Years later, a man claiming to be Martin returns, but Bertrande grows suspicious of his true identity. The narrative explores themes of loyalty, justice, and the nature of identity.
The historical context of the novel is rooted in the Renaissance period, a time of significant social, religious, and legal transformation in Europe. The case of Martin Guerre, which took place around 1557, is well-documented in historical records and has fascinated scholars and writers for centuries. Lewis's retelling is lauded for its psychological depth and historical accuracy.
Literarily, "The Wife of Martin Guerre" fits within the tradition of historical fiction, a genre that uses historical events and settings to explore universal human themes. Lewis's work is often compared to that of contemporaries like Thomas Mann and Marguerite Yourcenar, who similarly blended meticulous historical research with rich narrative exploration of human character and ethical dilemmas. The novel remains a poignant and enduring examination of the complexities of human identity and moral choice.
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