Trifles Study Guide
Susan Glaspell: A Concise Biography
Susan Glaspell (1876-1948) was an influential American playwright, novelist, journalist, and actress. Born in Davenport, Iowa, she began her career as a journalist before transitioning to fiction and drama. Glaspell co-founded the Provincetown Players in 1915, a theater group pivotal to the development of American drama, launching the careers of several playwrights, including Eugene O’Neill.
Her literary works often focused on themes of gender, justice, and the human condition, frequently drawing on her Midwestern background. Glaspell's best-known play, "Trifles" (1916), showcases her talent for weaving complex social issues into compelling narratives. Throughout her career, Glaspell published nine novels, fifteen plays, and numerous short stories, earning a Pulitzer Prize for her play "Alison's House" in 1931.
Historical and Literary Context for "Trifles"
"Trifles" was written in 1916, a time of significant social and cultural change in the United States. The early 20th century saw the rise of the women's suffrage movement, leading to the eventual passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920, which granted women the right to vote. This period also marked a shift in societal views on gender roles and domestic life.
In the literary world, "Trifles" emerged during the era of realism and naturalism, movements that focused on depicting everyday life and social issues with a sense of authenticity. Glaspell’s play fits within this tradition, offering a critique of the marginalization of women and their experiences. "Trifles" is set in a rural farmhouse and revolves around the investigation of a man's murder, with the male characters dismissing the domestic space and the women within it as insignificant. However, it is through the "trifles" of the household that the women unravel the mystery, highlighting their keen insight and solidarity.
"Trifles" is celebrated for its exploration of the dynamics of power and gender, as well as its commentary on the often-overlooked contributions and perspectives of women. Through this play, Glaspell not only provided a powerful narrative but also contributed to the broader discourse on women's rights and social justice.
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