War Horse Study Guide

Michael Morpurgo: A Concise Biography

Michael Morpurgo, born on October 5, 1943, in St Albans, Hertfordshire, England, is a prolific British author known for his children's literature. He pursued his education at King's College London, where he studied English and French. Before becoming a full-time writer, Morpurgo worked as a teacher, a profession that deeply influenced his storytelling approach.

In 1976, he co-founded the charity Farms for City Children with his wife, Clare, providing urban children with the experience of farm life. Morpurgo's writing often reflects his passions for history, nature, and humanitarian values. He has written over 100 books, earning numerous awards, including the prestigious Whitbread Children's Book Award and the Smarties Book Prize. He was appointed Children’s Laureate from 2003 to 2005 and was knighted in 2018 for his services to literature and charity.

Historical and Literary Context for "War Horse"

Historical Context:

"War Horse," published in 1982, is set against the backdrop of World War I, which lasted from 1914 to 1918. This global conflict involved many of the world's great powers and led to unprecedented destruction and loss of life. Horses played a crucial role in the war, used for cavalry charges, transport, and logistical support, often under harrowing conditions. The war marked a significant shift in military tactics with the introduction of trench warfare, machine guns, and tanks, which rendered cavalry charges nearly obsolete and increased the peril for horses and soldiers alike.

Literary Context:

Morpurgo's "War Horse" fits within the tradition of historical fiction aimed at younger readers. The novel is unique in its narrative perspective, as it is told from the point of view of Joey, a horse. This choice allows Morpurgo to explore themes of loyalty, friendship, and the futility of war from an unusual but poignant angle. The book is part of a broader literary movement that seeks to make historical events accessible and engaging for children, emphasizing personal stories and emotional connections.

"War Horse" has been widely acclaimed and adapted into various formats, including a successful stage play by the National Theatre in 2007, renowned for its use of life-sized puppets, and a film directed by Steven Spielberg in 2011. These adaptations have brought the story to a global audience, highlighting the enduring impact of Morpurgo's work.

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