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Congenial vs. Congenital

What are the differences between congenial and congenital and genial?

Congenial means friendly and agreeable, while congenital means existing at birth.

Example sentence of congenial: The new teacher is so congenial; she always has a smile on her face.

Example sentence of congenital: My daughter was born with a congenital heart defect.

Genial means cheerful, friendly, and good-natured.

Example sentence of genial: The genial host welcomed us into his home.

Why do people commonly confuse congenial and congenital and genial?

People commonly confuse congenial, congenital, and genial because all three words share the same Latin root, "geni-," which means "of or belonging to birth." Additionally, the words all sound similar and have similar definitions. Congenial means "friendly and pleasant," congenital means "existing at or dating from birth," and genial means "kind and friendly."

What are some ways to make sure you don't confuse congenial and congenital and genial?

Use context clues to determine the word that best fits the sentence.
Look up definitions of the words and make sure to understand the subtle differences between them.
Look for root words that may be shared between all three words.
Write out each word to make sure you can identify which one is being used.
Use mnemonic devices to help you remember the definitions of each word.
Make sure to double-check your work before submitting it.

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